PO.ET05.02 · 实验与分子治疗
Immune and pharmacodynamic effects of sotorasib plus panitumumab in KRAS G12C-mutant colorectal cancer: Paired biopsy results from CodeBreaK 101
作者与单位 Authors & Affiliations
摘要 Abstract
Background: Sotorasib, a KRAS G12C inhibitor, plus panitumumab is approved for use in chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) . Yet, early effects on the tumor microenvironment (TME) in clinical samples are not well understood. In preclinical models, sotorasib potently suppresses MAPK signaling and promotes a pro-inflammatory TME characterized by CD8⁺ T cell infiltration and increased IFN-gamma activity, implicating adaptive immunity in tumor control. We investigated if these pharmacodynamic and immunologic effects are observed clinically in patients (pts) treated with sotorasib plus panitumumab.
Methods: Paired biopsies before and after 3-4 weeks of sotorasib plus panitumumab treatment were available from 12 pts in Cohort A of CodeBreaK 101 (NCT04185883). We performed whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing (n=12), pERK immunohistochemistry (n=8), spatial analysis of H&E-stained sections using digital pathology (n=10), and single-cell spatial transcriptomics (n=2). Analyses were primarily descriptive, and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and summary statistics were used to characterize differences between paired biopsies.
Results: Transcriptomic profiling revealed robust suppression of MAPK signaling, shown by an approximate 4-fold reduction in median MAPK Pathway Activity Score with consistent downregulation of cell cycle-related genes. Key MAPK targets were downregulated, including ETV4 (−6.9-fold), EPHA2 (−2.8-fold), and DUSP6 (−2.0-fold), while EPHA4 was largely unchanged. pERK immunohistochemistry showed an approximately 1.8-fold reduction in H-score and a 2.0-fold decrease in proportion of pERK⁺ tumor nuclei among profiled pts, consistent with effective MAPK pathway inhibition. Immune activation was reflected by a 1.9-fold increase in the Tumor Inflammation Signature score and upregulation of chemokines and antigen-presentation genes (CXCL9, CCL5, HLA-DPA1). Digital pathology analysis of H&E images showed increased immune cell clustering in the TME, mirroring immune remodeling observed in RNA-seq data. Single-cell spatial confirmed presence of CXCR6⁺ CD8⁺ T cells and macrophage derived CXCL10 in the tumor and associated stroma suggesting cytotoxic T cell recruitment and activation. Comprehensive pathway analysis showed upregulation of PI3K-AKT, HER2, and TGFbeta signaling in some pts, suggesting compensatory survival mechanisms and a potential rationale for combinatorial strategies.
Conclusion: Paired biopsy analysis revealed potent MAPK inhibition and immune remodeling, providing mechanistic insight into the role of the immune TME in early response to sotorasib plus panitumumab and underscoring opportunities for rational combination strategies in mCRC.
利益披露 Disclosure
D. Hong,
OncoResponse, Telperian and MolecularMatch Stock.
Bayer, Guidepoint Global, Gerson Lehrman Group, Alphasights, Axiom Biotechnologies, Medscape, Numab, Pfizer, Takeda, Trieza Therapeutics, WebMD, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Adaptimmune Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Boxer Capital, EcoR1 Capital, Tavistock Life Sciences, Baxter, COG, Genentech, GroupH, Janssen, Acuta, HCW Precision, Prime Oncology, ST Cube, Alkermes, AUM Biosciences, BridgeBio, Cor2Ed Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Gilead Sciences, Immunogen, Liberum, Oncologia Brasil, Pharma Intelligence, Precision Oncology Experimental Therapeutics, Turning Point Therapeutics, ZIOPHARM Oncology, Cowen, Gennao Bio, MedaCorp Other, Consulting or advisory role.
YingLing Pharma and RAIN Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Genentech, Amgen, Daiichi Sankyo, Adaptimmune, AbbVie, Bayer, Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Kite, a Gilead Company, MedImmune, the National Cancer Institute, Fate Therapeutics, Pfizer, Novartis, Numab, Turning Point Therapeutics, Kyowa, Loxo, Merck, Eisai, Genmab, Mirati Therapeutics Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Mologen, Takeda, AstraZeneca, Navire, VM Pharma, Erasca, Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb, Adlai Nortye, Seagen, Deciphera, Pyramid Biosciences, Eli Lilly, Endeavor BioMedicines, F. Hoffmann LaRoche Other, Consulting or advisory role.
Ignyta, Teckro, TCR2 Therapeutics Travel.
Genmab, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer, Bayer Schering Pharma, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, AACR and Telperian Travel.
L. Mukundan,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
A. Anderson,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
E. Chan,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
D. French,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
L. Haeggblom,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
D. Lu,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.
T. Masuishi,
MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Ono, Novartis, Amgen, Syneos Healthe Clinical, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, Cimic Shift Zero, Eli Lilly, Abbive, and Merck Biopharma Other, Grants or contracts from any entity to your institution.
Nippon Kayaku Other, Advisory role.
Takeda, Chugai, Merck Bio Pharma, Taiho, Bayer, Lilly Japan, Yakult Honsha, Sanofi, Daiichi Sankyo, Ono, Bristol Myers Squibb, Nippon Kayaku, MSD, Takata, Guardant Health, Amgen Other, MSD, Daiichi Sankyo, Ono, Novartis, Amgen, Syneos Healthe Clinical, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Pfizer, Cimic Shift Zero, Eli Lilly, Abbive, and Merck Biopharma.
R. Yaeger,
Loxo@Lilly; Mirati Therapeutics; Revolution Medicines; Merck; Erasca; Parabilis Medicines; Bayer; Alterome Other, Consulting or Advisory Role.
Amgen (Inst); Boundless Bio (Inst); Daiichi Sankyo/UCB Japan (Inst); Mirati Therapeutics (Inst); Pfizer (Inst); Parabilis Medicine (Inst); Revolution Medicines (Inst); Eli Lilly (Inst) ).
CytoDyn Other, DSMB member.
Y. Katlinskaya,
Amgen Inc. Employment, Stock.