PO.PS01.06 · 人群科学
美国癌症幸存者的就业状态与体育活动指南依从性：全国健康访谈调查分析
Employment status and adherence to physical activity guidelines among U.S. cancer survivors: An analysis of the National Health Interview Survey
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摘要 Abstract
中文摘要
背景：体育活动（PA）是一项关键的、可改变的生活方式因素，可改善癌症生存结局，包括降低复发和死亡率。然而，许多癌症幸存者未能达到推荐的PA指南（每周150分钟有氧PA及2天力量训练）。就业状态等社会经济和结构性因素是健康行为的关键决定因素。随着许多幸存者重返工作岗位，就业对其参与PA能力的影响是一个研究不足的领域。本研究考察了包括癌症患者在内的美国成年人就业与PA之间的关系。
方法：本横断面研究使用2020年和2022年全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）的汇总数据（n=57,101），包括癌症幸存者。自变量为就业。因变量PA状态根据HHS指南分为四个水平（同时达到有氧和力量、仅有氧、仅力量或两者均未达到）。采用多项逻辑回归计算各PA类别中就业状态的相对风险比，并校正协变量。
结果：使用校正后多项逻辑回归的初步结果显示，相对于两项标准均未达到者，就业与同时达到有氧和力量PA标准的相对风险高出9%显著相关（RRR = 1.09；95% CI，1.02—1.16）。就业状态与仅达到力量标准（RRR = 1.05；95% CI，0.96—1.16）或仅有氧标准（RRR = 1.00；95% CI，0.95—1.06）无显著关联。对于患癌症的美国公民这一独特人群，就业在任何PA类别中均无显著意义。
结论：初步发现提示，虽然在总体人群中就业与更高的有氧及肌肉强化体育活动相关，但这一关联在癌症幸存者中并不成立。这表明重返工作可能无法为幸存者带来同样的PA益处，可能是由于持续性疲劳或其他癌症相关症状等因素所致。这些结果强调了针对非在职人群的有针对性、低成本体育活动干预措施的必要性，以及专门设计以减轻在职癌症幸存者PA障碍、改善长期结局的、可及的职场健康计划的必要性。
查看英文原文 English abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) is a critical, modifiable lifestyle factor that improves cancer survivorship outcomes, including reduced recurrence and lower mortality. However, many cancer survivors fail to meet recommended PA guidelines (150 min of aerobic PA and 2 days of strength training per week). Socioeconomic and structural factors such as employment status are key determinants of health behaviors. As many survivors return to work, the influence of employment on their ability to engage in PA is an understudied area. This study examined the relationship between employment and PA among U.S. adults including those with cancer.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used pooled data from the 2020 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey (n=57,101), including cancer survivors. The independent variable was employment. The dependent variable, physical activity (PA) status, was categorized into four levels based on HHS guidelines (meeting both aerobic and strength, aerobic-only, strength-only, or neither). Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate relative risk ratios for employment status across physical activity categories, adjusted for covariates.
Results: Preliminary results using adjusted multinomial logistic regression showed that, relative to meeting neither criteria, employment was significantly associated with a 9% higher relative risk of meeting both aerobic and strength physical activity criteria (RRR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02-1.16). Employment status was not significantly associated with meeting strength-only (RRR = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.96-1.16) or aerobic-only criteria (RRR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.95-1.06). For the distinct populations of U.S. citizens with cancer, employment was not significant for any of the physical activity categories.
Conclusion: Preliminary findings suggest that while employment is associated with higher aerobic and muscle strengthening physical activity in the general population, this association does not hold true for cancer survivors. This suggests that returning to work may not offer the same PA benefit for survivors, potentially due to factors like persistent fatigue or other cancer-related symptoms. These results emphasize the need for targeted, low-cost physical activity interventions for non-working individuals and accessible workplace wellness programs designed specifically to mitigate PA barriers for working cancer survivors and improve long-term outcomes.
利益披露 Disclosure
A. Clouser, None..
B. Amick III, None..
C. Walter, None..
J. Allen, None.