PO.PS01.11 · 人群科学
国家癌症预防中心预防门诊的个性化癌症预防咨询：弥合研究、应用与个体化实施之间的鸿沟
Personalized counseling on cancer prevention at the National Cancer Prevention Center's Prevention clinic: Bridging the gap between research, application, and individual implementation
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摘要 Abstract
中文摘要
非传染性疾病的预防正日益成为现代卫生系统的重要关注点。除了基于人群的策略外，考虑遗传、生物学和生活方式相关危险因素的方法对个体化预防也变得日益重要。德国正在通过德国癌症研究中心（DKFZ）与德国癌症援助协会之间的长期战略合作建立国家癌症预防中心（NCPC）。NCPC将癌症预防的所有关键组成部分整合于一体：从基础研究和预防试验，到面向公众的循证咨询，再到预防专家和倍增者的培训。其核心要素是预防门诊部（POC），这是德国独一无二的示范机构，最大限度地发挥癌症预防的潜力，并使其惠及每一个人。在POC中，基于已识别的癌症危险因素——包括家族史、遗传易感性、生活方式因素、既往疾病和用药情况——系统地创建风险概况。凭借这些风险概况，我们制定个体化的预防路径，将健康促进咨询与早期检测建议和生活方式改变相结合。我们高度重视健康素养和可持续的行为改变，因为只有在日常生活中切实可行，预防才能奏效。因此，POC作为行为改变的积极合作伙伴发挥作用。同时，POC作为流行病学、实施和转化试验的研究平台运作。有关风险概况、依从性、有效性以及预防措施接受度的标准化数据，为深入了解癌症预防的成功因素与障碍提供了依据。将研究与应用相连接，创造了一个双向的知识循环：科学发现被转化为实践，而应用又反向转化为新的研究问题。此外，POC促进了肿瘤学、人类遗传学、营养与运动医学、心理学和公共卫生之间的跨学科协作。数字化工具和AI支持的算法为更精确的风险评估和针对特定风险降低的个性化预防规划提供了新视角。POC体现了肿瘤学领域的范式转变，即从单纯治疗疾病转向在全国范围内实施主动、个性化且可及的健康战略。POC将研究与应用相结合，增强健康素养和自我效能，并将预防确立为现代社会不可或缺的组成部分。
查看英文原文 English abstract
The prevention of non-communicable diseases is becoming an increasingly important focus of modern health systems. In addition to population-based strategies, approaches that consider genetic, biological, and lifestyle-related risk factors are becoming important for individualized prevention. The National Cancer Prevention Center (NCPC) is being established in Germany through a long-term strategic partnership between the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and the German Cancer Aid. The NCPC brings together all key components of cancer prevention under one roof: from fundamental research and prevention trials to evidence-based counseling for the public and training for prevention specialists and multipliers. A central element is the Prevention Outpatient Clinic (POC), a unique model facility in Germany that maximizes the potential of cancer prevention and makes it accessible to everyone. In the POC, risk profiles are systematically created based on identified cancer risk factors, including family history, genetic predispositions, lifestyle factors, previous illnesses, and medication use. With these risk profiles, we create individualized prevention pathways that link health promotion counseling with recommendations for early detection and lifestyle changes. There is a strong focus on health literacy and sustainable behavior change because prevention only works when it is feasible in everyday life. Thus, the POC serves as an active partner in behavior modification. At the same time, the POC functions as a research platform for epidemiological, implementation, and translational trials. Standardized data on risk profiles, adherence, effectiveness, and acceptance of preventive measures provides insight into the success factors and barriers of cancer prevention. Linking research and application creates a bidirectional knowledge loop in which findings from science are translated into practice and re-translated from application to new research questions. Additionally, the POC fosters interdisciplinary collaboration among oncology, human genetics, nutrition and sports medicine, psychology, and public health. Digital tools and AI-supported algorithms offer new perspectives for more precise risk assessment and personalized prevention planning for specific risk reduction. The POC exemplifies a paradigm shift in oncology, moving away from solely treating disease and toward a proactive, personalized, and accessible health strategy nationwide. The POC combines research and application, strengthens health literacy and self-efficacy, and establishes prevention as an integral part of modern society.
利益披露 Disclosure
U. M. Will, None.