Lung cancer biomarker testing: Driving precision treatment and improved outcomes

Background: Biomarker testing has become a cornerstone ofmodern lung cancer management, enabling precise diagnosis, individualizedtherapy selection, and ongoing monitoring. Comprehensive molecular profilingnow guides treatment decisions for both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) andsmall cell lung cancer (SCLC), transforming outcomes and expanding access totargeted and immune-based therapies. Objective: This poster highlights current biomarker testingstrategies in lung cancer, the clinical relevance of key genomic andimmunologic markers, and emerging technologies that are reshaping real-timedisease assessment. Content Overview: We present an overview of essentialactionable biomarkers-including EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, MET exon 14 skipping,RET, NTRK, and KRAS G12C-and their associated targeted therapies. We alsodiscuss immunotherapy-related biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression and tumormutational burden (TMB), emphasizing their role in predicting response tocheckpoint inhibitors. The poster outlines recommended testing methodologies,including tissue-based next-generation sequencing (NGS), liquid biopsy approaches(ctDNA), and reflex testing protocols that reduce diagnostic delays. Key Messages: Broad molecular testing improves detection ofactionable alterations. Immunotherapy biomarkers remain essential yet imperfectpredictors of response. Liquid biopsies provide minimally invasive options forinitial testing and resistance monitoring. Integrating multi-omics andAI-supported analytics may enhance future decision-making. Conclusion: Comprehensive biomarker testing is vital todelivering precision oncology in lung cancer. Advances in testing technologies,standardization efforts, and streamlined workflows will further improvediagnostic accuracy, clinical decision-making, and ultimately patient outcomes.