The breast cancer survivorship experience of Korean American women: A qualitative study

Background Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in the United States. A recent sharp increase in breast cancer was observed among Asian American women, and breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Korean American women. There remains a significant gap in research exploring the breast cancer survivorship experience of Korean American women. This study aims to explore the survivorship experiences of Korean American breast cancer survivors. Methods This is a part of a larger study that evaluated a technology-based coaching/support program among Asian American breast cancer survivors. Only the qualitative data from 10 Korean American breast cancer survivors over the 3-month interventions were included in this analysis. Data were collected through online logs, where all interactions between participants and interventionists were recorded. The online logs included an average of 1,029 lines (range: 428-2149) of text per participant. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis. Results Five prominent themes were identified. First, “self-directed coping strategies with pain” were identified; the participants reported several ways to manage pain, such as medication or gaining support through assistive methods (e.g., cuffing therapy, sauna, and acupuncture), which were relevant to Asian cultural aspects. Second, “resilience in survivorship” was enhanced through participation in the culturally tailored intervention. While the participants were motivated to contribute meaningfully to the research, they experienced less pain and were encouraged to exercise more to reduce pain. Third, “challenges of living with and beyond cancer” were noted; the participants reported challenges related to physical or emotional symptoms, a language barrier, being obliged to be filial to their parents, being stigmatized for their illness, lacking time for themselves, and an unsupportive family. Fourth, “resilience and growth through illness” were identified; the participants reported that their families became stronger after the diagnosis, and they became more proactive, finding meaning in their lives. They provided support to other cancer patients or those in need and were grateful to their peers or family for their support. Finally, “positive adaptation and empowerment” were identified; the participants were actively seeking behaviors/strategies to improve their physical or emotional challenges, such as changing their diet, exercising, and focusing on other activities (e.g., travel or finding a new hobby). Conclusions Even though Korean American breast cancer survivors faced multiple challenges, they had more proactive attitudes and were resilient in their survivorship journey. This study also contributes to the evidence that culturally tailored interventions can empower survivors to cope with illness and enhance their ability to navigate their survivorship journey.