STIC病变的多模态分析识别出具有高级别浆液性卵巢癌基因组特征的前驱状态

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is a lethal malignancy marked by near-universal TP53 mutation and chromosomal instability (CIN) due late stage diagnosis. Surgical removal of fallopian tubes (FT) is the only effective prevention strategy. Even after surgery, a subset of individuals develops primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC). When serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is identified in the FT, PPC risk exceeds 30-fold. To study the steps required for HGSC initiation and identify features of high risk STICs, we assembled a 201-patient cohort spanning HGSC development from normal FT, p53 signatures, STIC, early and advanced‑stage HGSC. All specimens underwent multiplexed immunofluorescence (mpIF), and 45 samples from 36 patients were profiled by Visium HD spatial transcriptomics generating >20million 8μM bins of data. We analyzed epithelial state transitions and inferred copy number variation (CNV) using inferCNV. In one case we validated CNV calls with matched FFPE single‑cell whole‑genome sequencing. mpIF revealed variable emergence of cGAS staining in STIC lesions, indicating evolving tolerance to CIN prior to invasion. Using unsupervised clustering of the epithelial bins, we found that STIC lesions formed distinct transcriptional clusters that faithfully mapped to STIC histologic features. Trajectory analyses suggests a putative precursor state bridging ciliated and secretory lineages. STIC clusters were enriched for NFκB and TGF-beta signaling but lacked evidence of JAK/STAT signaling observed in advanced HGSC. inferCNV showed that normal fallopian tube/p53 signature lesions were largely chromosomally stable, whereas STICs displayed broad, genome-wide alterations, reminiscent of advanced HGSC, including losses affecting TP53 , BRCA1 , and BRCA2 and amplifications of MYC and CCNE1 . In a germline BRCA2 patient, we identified polyclonal STICs with distinct CNV profiles. Pseudotime trajectory analysis in this case suggested early copy number changes within an expanded secretory population, followed by loss of chromosome 17 ( TP53 ), loss of chromosome 13 ( BRCA2 ), and subsequent oncogene amplifications (e.g., MYC ). As STIC lesions become invasive, we observed spatial bins with unique inferred copy number profiles, indicating the emergence of neighborhoods of clonally related invasive cells. These tumor neighborhoods exhibit different microenvironments, including differences in fibroblast phenotypes and vascularization. This multimodal map of fallopian tube transformation supports a model in which TP53 loss precedes BRCA1/2 inactivation and indicates that STICs are genomically similar to advanced HGSC. Together, these data provide a framework for studying early HGSC evolution and may inform strategies for risk reduction and early interception.