PO.PR02.02 · 预防研究
灵长类比较肿瘤学揭示人类独特的癌症易感性
Primate comparative oncology reveal humans' unique cancer susceptibility
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摘要 Abstract
中文摘要
从进化视角研究癌症可以带来重要的理论和应用见解；然而，关于非人灵长类动物中癌症的患病率却知之甚少。非人灵长类动物是我们现存最近的近亲，然而灵长类谱系在表型上是多样化的，在进化和生活史特征上表现出广泛的变异。通过将比较表型数据与肿瘤性疾病的患病率记录相整合，我们汇集了一个涵盖九个灵长类科、36个物种共2,095个个体的数据集，以考察跨物种的癌症风险。此外，使用来自代表性物种的分离并培养的原代成纤维细胞系进行的功能性体外研究表明，对细胞死亡的抵抗力与某些生活史特征相关。将人类癌症风险置于更广泛的灵长类系统发育背景下进行的比较系统发育建模表明，即使在与人类亲缘关系最近的灵长类动物（如类人猿）中，癌症风险也大幅降低。总之，大规模癌症患病率记录和功能性检测为理解我们现存最近的近亲——以及我们自身——癌症的生态和细胞动力学提供了宝贵见解。
查看英文原文 English abstract
Studying cancer from an evolutionary perspective can yield important theoretical and applied insights; however, little is known about the prevalence of cancer among non-human primates. Non-human primates are our closest living relatives, yet the primate lineage is phenotypically diverse, exhibiting wide variation in evolutionary and life-history characteristics. By integrating comparative phenotypic data with prevalence records of neoplastic disease, we assembled a dataset of 2,095 individuals from 36 species across nine primate families to examine cross-species cancer risk. Additionally, functional in vitro studies using isolated and cultured primary fibroblast cell lines from representative species show that resistance to cellular death correlates with certain life-history traits. Comparative phylogenetic modeling of human cancer risk, situated within the broader primate phylogeny, demonstrates a drastic reduction in cancer risk even among primates most closely related to humans (e.g., the great apes). Together, large-scale cancer prevalence records and functional assays provide valuable insights into the ecological and cellular dynamics of cancer in our closest living relatives-and in ourselves.
利益披露 Disclosure
Z. T. Compton, None..
W. Mellon, None..
T. Harrison, None.